Coral bells, also known as Heuchera, are a beloved perennial plant that adds a pop of color and texture to any garden. This versatile plant is a favorite among gardeners for its vibrant foliage and delicate, bell-shaped flowers that bloom in the spring and summer.
With a wide range of colors, including shades of green, purple, silver, and bronze, coral bells are a must-have for any garden design. Their unique leaves, which are often ruffled or veined, provide an interesting contrast to other plants in the landscape.
In addition to their foliage, coral bells also produce delicate stems of pink flowers in late spring and early summer, attracting hummingbirds, butterflies, and bees to the garden.
Coral bells are relatively low-maintenance, making them an ideal choice for both beginner and experienced gardeners. They thrive in partial shade, although some varieties can tolerate full sun with adequate moisture.
These plants are also deer-resistant, making them a great option for gardens in areas with high deer populations. Plus, they are known for attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies, adding to the biodiversity of your garden.
Whether used as a ground cover, border plant, or in containers, coral bells are a versatile and beautiful addition to any garden. In this guide, I’ll share everything you need to know to grow and care for these stunning plants.
Botanical Name: Coral bells, alumroot, rock geranium
Common Name: Heuchera spp.
Family: Saxifragaceae
Plant Type: Perennial
Hardiness Zones: 4a – 9a (USDA)
Sun Exposure: Full, partial
Soil Type: Rich, moist, well-drained
Soil pH: Slightly acidic, neutral
Bloom Time: Spring, summer
Flower Color: Red, white, orange, pink
Native Area: North America
Coral Bells Plant Care
Coral bells, also known as Heuchera, are prized for their vibrant foliage and delicate flowers. These plants thrive in well-draining soil and prefer a location with partial shade, although they can tolerate full sun in cooler climates.
To ensure optimal growth, provide them with a regular watering schedule, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulching around the base of the plant can help retain moisture and suppress weed growth.
Fertilize your coral bells in the spring with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to promote healthy growth and vibrant foliage. Deadheading spent flowers can encourage continuous blooming and prevent self-seeding.
In colder regions, apply a layer of mulch over the plant in late fall to protect the roots from freezing temperatures. With proper care, your coral bells will reward you with a stunning display of colorful leaves and dainty flowers.
Light
Coral bells thrive in partial to full shade. These perennial plants prefer dappled sunlight, making them ideal for woodland gardens or areas with filtered light.
However, some varieties can tolerate more sun, especially if they are grown in cooler climates. It is important to note that in hotter regions, coral bells benefit from afternoon shade to protect their delicate foliage.
Insufficient light can result in leggy growth, diminished foliage color, and reduced flowering. Finding the right balance of light is crucial for the overall health and vibrancy of coral bells in your garden.
Soil
Coral bell plants thrive in well-draining, loamy soil rich in organic matter. The soil should be slightly acidic to neutral, with a pH ranging from 6.0 to 7.0.
Adding compost or peat moss can enhance the soil’s fertility and improve its moisture retention, which is beneficial for the plant’s growth.
Avoid heavy clay soils, as they can lead to waterlogging, which may cause root rot. Similarly, overly sandy soils can drain too quickly, leading to dryness, so adding organic matter can help improve water retention.
Regularly check the soil’s moisture levels, as coral bells prefer consistently moist but not waterlogged conditions. Also, a layer of mulch can help regulate soil temperature and moisture, promoting healthier growth for the plant.
Water
Coral bells, also known as Heuchera, are a resilient and versatile plant that thrives in well-draining soil. When it comes to watering these plants, it’s crucial to maintain a balance.
Overwatering can lead to root rot, a common issue with many houseplants. Instead, aim to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
During the hotter months, it’s advisable to increase the frequency of watering, ensuring the soil doesn’t dry out completely.
Observing the top layer of soil can provide a good indication of when it’s time to water again. Keep in mind that it’s always better to underwater than overwater these hardy plants.
Temperature and Humidity
Coral bells grow best in moderate temperatures ranging from 60 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
These plants are not particularly fond of extreme heat or cold, so it’s essential to ensure they are not exposed to temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit or above 80 degrees Fahrenheit for prolonged periods.
When it comes to humidity, coral bells are quite adaptable and can tolerate a variety of levels. However, they generally prefer moderate to high humidity, especially when grown indoors.
In regions with drier air, providing occasional misting or placing a humidifier near the plants can be beneficial. This helps mimic their natural woodland habitat and keeps the foliage looking lush and vibrant.
Fertilizer
Coral bell plants have moderate fertilizer requirements. A well-balanced, slow-release fertilizer is ideal for these perennial beauties.
Applying the fertilizer in spring as new growth appears and again in mid-summer can provide the necessary nutrients for vibrant foliage and prolific blooms.
Be sure not to over-fertilize, as this can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of the colorful flowers.
Organic compost can also serve as an excellent natural fertilizer, enriching the soil and promoting overall plant health.
Regular feeding will help maintain the coral bells’ resilience and ensure a stunning display in your garden year after year.
Pruning
Coral bells, known for their stunning foliage, require minimal pruning. Begin by removing any dead or damaged leaves throughout the growing season.
In early spring, as new growth emerges, trim back the old, tattered foliage to allow the fresh leaves to take center stage.
Plus, if the plant becomes too dense or starts to encroach on neighboring plants, selectively thin out the stems to maintain an open, airy habit.
Avoid cutting into the crown of the plant, as this can be detrimental to its health. Also, always use sharp, clean tools to make precise cuts and minimize the risk of disease.
Overwintering
Coral bells, or Heuchera, require some specific overwintering care to ensure their continued health and vigor. As the temperatures drop, it’s essential to apply a generous layer of mulch around the base of the plant to insulate the roots from harsh winter conditions.
Plus, consider using a frost cover or burlap to shield the foliage from freezing winds and ice.
While these hardy perennials can withstand chilly temperatures, providing extra protection can prevent winter damage and promote better regrowth in the spring.
Types of Coral Bells
- Heuchera ‘Chocolate Ruffles’: The ‘Chocolate Ruffles’ variety of Heuchera is a stunning plant known for its rich, chocolate-colored, ruffled leaves.
- Heuchera ‘Green Spice’: ‘Green Spice’ is a versatile Heuchera variety that boasts green leaves with silver marbling and delicate maroon veining.
- Heuchera ‘Marmalade’: Heuchera ‘Marmalade’ is a vibrant variety that lives up to its name, with leaves that transition from amber to a rich, reddish-orange as they mature.
- Heuchera ‘Citronelle’: ‘Citronelle’ is a striking variety of Heuchera that features bright, chartreuse-green leaves.
- Heuchera ‘Electric Lime’: ‘Electric Lime’ is a striking Heuchera variety that lives up to its name with its electrifying lime-green leaves and blood-red veins.
- Heuchera ‘Fire Chief’: ‘Fire Chief’ is an intense and fiery variety of Heuchera, with leaves that range from deep red to almost black, with the foliage deepening as the season progresses.
How to Plant Coral Bells From Seed
Step 1: Prepare the Soil
Start by choosing a well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. This will provide the necessary nutrients for your coral bells to thrive.
Step 2: Sow the Seeds
Sow the seeds directly into the soil, making sure to space them about 12 inches apart. Cover the seeds lightly with a thin layer of soil.
Step 3: Watering
After sowing, water the soil thoroughly. It’s important to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Step 4: Positioning
Coral bells prefer partial shade, especially in hot climates. Choose a location that receives morning sun and afternoon shade for optimal growth.
Step 5: Germination
The seeds should germinate in 14-21 days. Once the seedlings have developed their second set of true leaves, you can transplant them to their permanent location.
How to Propagate Coral Bells
Step 1: Choose the Right Time
The best time to propagate coral bells is in the early spring when the plant is just beginning to come out of dormancy. This is when the plant is actively growing and is more likely to successfully root.
Step 2: Prepare the Parent Plant
The first step in propagating coral bells is to prepare the parent plant. Using a sharp, sterile knife, carefully cut away a healthy, non-flowering shoot from the parent plant. Make sure the shoot has at least two or three leaves attached.
Step 3: Prepare the Potting Mix
Fill a small pot with a well-draining potting mix. A mix of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite works well for coral bells. Make sure the pot has drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
Step 4: Plant the Cutting
Dip the cut end of the coral bells cutting in rooting hormone powder to encourage root development. Then, make a hole in the potting mix with a pencil or your finger and gently insert the cutting into the hole. Firm the potting mix around the cutting to hold it in place.
Step 5: Water the Cutting
After planting, water the cutting thoroughly to settle the potting mix around the roots. Keep the potting mix consistently moist but not waterlogged, as excessive moisture can cause the cutting to rot.
How to Pot or Repot Coral Bells
Step 1: Selecting the Right Pot
Before you begin the process of potting or repotting your coral bells, it’s important to select the right pot. The pot should be slightly larger than the current root ball of the plant, with good drainage holes.
The material of the pot is also crucial; terra cotta and ceramic pots are excellent choices as they allow for air and moisture exchange. This is important for the overall health of your coral bells.
Step 2: Preparing the Potting Mix
Coral bells prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. You can create a suitable potting mix by combining equal parts of peat moss, perlite, and compost.
The peat moss retains moisture, while the perlite provides aeration and the compost adds nutrients. This combination will create an ideal environment for your coral bells to thrive.
Step 3: Potting or Re-potting the Coral Bells
Carefully remove the coral bells from its current pot, taking care not to damage the roots. If the plant is root-bound, gently tease the roots apart to encourage outward growth.
Place the plant in the center of the new pot and fill in the gaps with the potting mix. Gently firm the soil around the plant, ensuring that the crown (where the stems meet the roots) is level with the soil surface.
Step 4: Watering and Care After Potting
After potting or repotting your coral bells, give the plant a thorough watering to settle the soil around the roots. Place the pot in a location that receives dappled sunlight, as direct sun can scorch the delicate leaves.
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, and fertilize the plant with a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.
Regularly deadhead spent flowers and remove any damaged or yellowing leaves to encourage new growth. With proper care, your coral bells will reward you with their stunning foliage and delicate blooms.
Common Pests and Plant Diseases for Coral Bells
Aphids
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that can infest coral bells plants, sucking the sap from the leaves and causing them to curl and yellow.
These pests also produce a sticky substance called honeydew, which can lead to the growth of sooty mold. Regular inspections and the use of insecticidal soap can help control aphid populations.
Slugs and Snails
Slugs and snails are common pests of coral bells, especially in damp, shady conditions. These pests feed on the leaves, leaving behind irregular holes and a slimy trail.
Handpicking and the use of slug and snail baits can help manage these pests.
Leaf Spot
Leaf spot is a common fungal disease that can affect coral bells, causing dark, water-soaked spots to form on the leaves.
As the disease progresses, the spots may enlarge and the leaves may yellow and drop prematurely. To manage leaf spot, remove and destroy affected leaves and improve air circulation around the plant.
Crown Rot
Crown rot is a serious disease of coral bells, often caused by overwatering or poorly drained soil. The disease causes the plant’s crown to become soft and mushy, and the leaves may wilt and turn brown.
To prevent crown rot, ensure that the plant is grown in well-draining soil and avoid overwatering.
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a common disease that can affect your Coral Bells, particularly in areas with high humidity or poor air circulation. This disease presents as a white, powdery substance on the leaves, which can lead to stunted growth and reduced foliage color.
To prevent powdery mildew, ensure your plants are grown in well-drained soil and avoid overhead watering. There are also many fungicidal sprays available to help control this disease.
Common Plant Problems and Solutions for Coral Bells
Brown Tips
Brown tips on coral bell plants are often a sign of underwatering or low humidity.
To rectify this issue, ensure your plant receives regular watering, and consider misting the leaves to increase the humidity.
Plus, repotting the plant in a larger container can help improve moisture retention.
Yellowing Leaves
Yellowing leaves in coral bells can be a result of overwatering or poor drainage. If you notice this issue, reduce the frequency of watering and ensure the pot has adequate drainage holes. Adding perlite or sand to the soil mixture can also improve drainage.
Leaf Spot
Leaf spot, characterized by dark lesions on the leaves, is a common fungal disease in coral bells.
To combat this, avoid overhead watering and ensure good air circulation around the plant. Applying a fungicide containing copper or sulfur can help control the spread of the disease.
Crown Rot
Crown rot, often caused by overwatering or poorly-drained soil, can lead to the plant’s demise.
If you notice the crown of your coral bells turning mushy and discolored, it’s crucial to act fast. Remove the affected plant from the soil, trim away any rotting tissue, and repot in fresh, well-draining soil.
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