As the leaves begin to change and the crisp air of autumn sets in, October presents an ideal time for gardeners to plant certain perennials.

This period of cooler temperatures and increased rainfall provides optimal conditions for these plants to establish a strong root system before winter dormancy. By planting in October, gardeners can ensure a vibrant and colorful garden come spring.

Perennials are a popular choice amongst gardeners due to their longevity and ability to return year after year.

Close up view of a flower bed in a garden with a gardener planting a yellow perennial flower

Unlike annuals, which complete their life cycle in a single growing season, perennials can persist for several years, providing a constant presence in your garden. They are an excellent investment of time and effort, offering a rewarding yield for seasons to come.

This article will guide you through the selection of perennials best suited for planting in October. These plants have been chosen for their hardiness, adaptability, and their ability to thrive in the conditions presented during this month.

So letโ€™s look at the best perennials I recommend, as a master gardener, that you should consider growing.

11 Perennials You Should Plant in October

1. Allium

Selective focus of purple allium bulbs with green stems in a garden

Allium, commonly known as ornamental onions, is a genus of flowering plants that includes hundreds of species, including the cultivated onion, garlic, scallion, shallot, leek, and chives.

This perennial is a perfect choice to plant in October due to its hardiness and ability to thrive in a variety of climates.

Alliums are known for their spherical blooms that add a unique architectural element to any garden. These plants are also deer-resistant and attract pollinators, making them an excellent addition to any garden ecosystem.

When planting allium in October, select a location with full sun exposure and well-draining soil. The bulbs should be planted approximately 3-4 times their diameter deep. This means larger bulbs will need a deeper hole than smaller ones.

Close up view of a gardener holding a handful of allium bulbs ready to be put in soil

After planting, water the bulbs thoroughly to encourage root growth. Alliums are relatively low maintenance, requiring only occasional watering during dry periods.

One of the advantages of planting Allium in October is that it allows the bulbs to establish a strong root system before the ground freezes in winter. This gives the plants a head start in the spring, resulting in healthier plants and more abundant blooms.

2. Astilbe

A selective focus of pink astilbe flowers blooming in the garden

Astilbe, also known as False Goat’s Beard, is a perennial that is perfect for planting in October. This plant is known for its feathery, plume-like flowers and fern-like foliage, which can add a touch of elegance to any garden.

Astilbe thrives in zones 4 to 9 and prefers partial to full shade, making it an excellent choice for those areas of your garden that don’t get a lot of sun.

When planting Astilbe in October, it’s essential to prepare the soil properly. This plant prefers a well-drained soil rich in organic matter. You can improve your soil’s condition by adding compost or well-rotted manure before planting.

Dig a hole that is twice as wide and the same depth as the root ball. Place the plant in the hole, ensuring that the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface. Backfill the hole with soil, firm it gently, and water thoroughly.

A close up view of a gardener planting astilbe tubers in a garden using shovel

Astilbe is a low-maintenance plant, making it a great choice for both novice and experienced gardeners. Its attractive foliage and stunning flowers, which come in a variety of colors including pink, red, white, and purple, can brighten up your garden well into the fall.

So, if you’re looking for a perennial to plant in October, consider Astilbe. It’s a beautiful addition that will bring color and texture to your garden for years to come.

3. Autumn Fern

A close up view of green fresh autumn fern in the garden

Autumn fern, scientifically known as Dryopteris erythrosora, is a remarkable perennial that is well-suited for planting in October. This plant is renowned for its ability to thrive in a variety of conditions, making it an excellent choice for both novice and experienced gardeners.

Autumn fern is a hardy plant that can withstand cooler temperatures, making it an ideal choice for fall planting. It boasts a unique feature of changing color with the seasons.

In the spring, the fronds emerge in a vibrant copper-red color, gradually transitioning into a lush, deep green as the plant matures. This seasonal color change gives the autumn fern its name and adds a dynamic element to any garden.

When planting the autumn fern, select a location with partial to full shade and well-drained soil. This plant prefers slightly acidic soil, but it can also tolerate neutral to slightly alkaline conditions. Ensure the soil is rich in organic matter to provide the necessary nutrients for the fern’s growth.

The autumn fern is relatively low-maintenance, requiring little pruning. However, removing dead or damaged fronds can help maintain the plant’s health and appearance.

4. Crocus

Selective focus of yellow purple and white crocus flowers among grass in the field

Crocus is a perennial flower that is often associated with the arrival of spring. However, there are many varieties of this plant that are perfect for planting in October. These varieties, often referred to as autumn crocuses, bloom in the fall, providing a burst of color when most other plants are starting to fade.

Autumn crocuses are easy to care for and require little maintenance. They prefer well-drained soil and a sunny location, although they can tolerate partial shade.

Plant the corms about 3 inches deep and 3 inches apart. Water them well after planting, and then you can largely leave them alone. They do not require much water and are relatively drought tolerant.

One of the benefits of planting crocuses in October is that they are resistant to frost. The flowers will bloom even after the first frosts of the season, making them a great choice for adding late-season color to your garden.

5. Daffodil

Selective focus of blooming yellow and orange daffodils in spring

Daffodil, also known as Narcissus, is a perennial favorite among gardeners for its vibrant yellow blooms and hardy nature. This flower is a perfect choice for those looking to add a splash of color to their gardens in October.

I recommend planting daffodils in a sunny or partially shaded location with well-drained soil. They prefer a slightly acidic to neutral pHbut can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions.

Plant the bulbs about 3-6 inches deep and 3-6 inches apart, with the pointed end facing up. Water thoroughly after planting.

One of the unique aspects of daffodils is their ability to naturalize, meaning they can spread and multiply in an area over time. This makes them an excellent choice for those looking to establish a long-lasting, low-maintenance flower bed.

In terms of care, daffodils require little attention once established. They are relatively resistant to pests and diseases, and their foliage dies back naturally after blooming, eliminating the need for pruning.

However, it is important to allow the foliage to die back naturally, as it provides essential nutrients for the bulb for the next growing season.

6. Foxtail Lily

Selective focus of tall yellow foxtail lilies in bloom in the garden

Foxtail lily, also known as Eremurus, is an excellent choice for planting in October. This perennial is known for its dramatic, tall spires of flowers that can reach up to 6 feet in height, making it a standout in any garden.

Foxtail lily blooms in late spring to early summer, providing a burst of color when many other plants are just beginning to grow.

Plant the foxtail lily bulbs in a sunny location with well-drained soil. They prefer a spot that is a shelter from strong winds due to their height.

When planting, place the bulbs about 4-6 inches deep and 12 inches apart to allow for growth. Water thoroughly after planting, and then only as needed. Over-watering can lead to bulb rot.

One of the unique aspects of the foxtail lily is its ability to attract pollinators. Bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds are all drawn to its vibrant flowers, making it an excellent addition for those looking to support local wildlife.

Macro shot of a bumblebee landing on the foxtail lilies

In terms of care, the foxtail lily is relatively low-maintenance. Once the plant has finished blooming, cut back the flower stalks but leave the foliage in place. The leaves will continue to photosynthesize, providing energy for the next year’s growth.

7. Hydrangea

Close up view of light blue hydrangea flowers in the garden

Hydrangeas are a classic choice for any garden, and October is an ideal time to plant them.

These perennials are known for their large, showy flower heads that come in a variety of colors, including blue, pink, white, and purple. Their vibrant hues can bring a touch of elegance and charm to your garden, even as the temperatures start to drop.

When planting hydrangeas in October, it’s important to consider their specific care requirements. These plants prefer well-drained soil and a location that receives morning sun and afternoon shade. This will help protect them from the harsh afternoon sun, which can cause their leaves to wilt.

Hydrangeas also require regular watering, especially during the first few weeks after planting. This helps the plant establish a strong root system before the winter months. However, avoid over-water, as this can lead to root rot.

Another factor to consider when planting hydrangeas is the soil pH. This can affect the color of the flowers. For example, in acidic soil, hydrangeas tend to produce blue flowers, while in alkalinity, they produce pink flowers.

While hydrangeas are generally hardy plants, they can benefit from a layer of mulch around their base. This helps to retain moisture in the soil and protect the plant’s roots from the cold winter temperatures.

8. Oriental Lily

Close up of red oriental lily in flower bed in the garden

Oriental lily is a perennial plant that is perfect for planting in October. This exotic and fragrant flower is known for its large, vibrant blooms that can add a touch of elegance to any garden. The oriental lily thrives in well-drained soil and prefers a location with full sun to partial shade.

When planting oriental lilies in October, it is important to plant the bulbs at a depth of about three times their height to ensure they are protected from the winter frost. Water them thoroughly after planting, but be careful not to over-water as this can cause the bulbs to rot.

One of the main benefits of planting oriental lilies in October is that it allows the bulbs to establish a strong root system before the winter, ensuring healthy and vigorous growth in the spring.

Remember to mulch around the base of the plant to provide additional protection from the cold and to help retain moisture. With proper care, your oriental lilies will reward you with their stunning blooms from mid to late summer.

9. Peony

Close up view of red peony with green leavesย  in the garden

Peonies are a classic garden staple that are known for their large, fragrant blooms and lush foliage. These perennials are hardy and can thrive in a variety of climates, making them an excellent choice for planting in October.

Peonies prefer a sunny location with well-drained soil. They are not particularly fussy about soil type, but they do appreciate a good helping of compost or well-rotted manure at planting time.

Dig a hole that is wide and deep enough to accommodate the root ball, and set the plant so that the eyes (the small red or pinkish nodes on the crown of the plant) are no more than 2 inches below the soil surface. Backfill the hole, firm the soil gently, and water thoroughly.

Close up view of a gardener's hand supporting the young tree peony while putting it in a planting hole

After planting, peonies require very little maintenance. They do not need to be divided like many other perennials, and they can remain in the same spot for many years, growing larger and more beautiful with each passing season.

In the spring, peonies will reward your fall planting efforts with an explosion of color. Their large, fragrant blooms make excellent cut flowers, and their lush foliage provides a beautiful backdrop for other garden plants.

10. Tulips

Close up view of rows of yellow pink and red tulips in a farm

October is an ideal time to plant perennial bulbs such as tulips. These vibrant, cup-shaped flowers are a classic choice for any garden due to their wide range of colors and shapes.

To plant tulips in October, you’ll need to select a well-drained location that receives full sun. Tulips prefer a slightly acidic to neutral soil pH, so you may need to amend your soil accordingly.

Begin by digging a hole about three times the height of the bulb. Place the bulb in the hole with the pointed end facing upwards. Cover the bulb with soil, ensuring that the top of the bulb is approximately 8 inches below the surface.

Close up view of a gardener planting tulip bulb

After planting, water the bulbs thoroughly. This will help to settle the soil and provide the bulbs with the moisture they need to start growing.

In the spring, you’ll be rewarded with a beautiful display of tulips. To ensure a continuous bloom, plant several bulbs at two-week intervals throughout October.

Remember, tulips are a favorite of squirrels and other garden pests. Consider using a bulb cage or other deterrents to protect your bulbs.

11. Wood Anemone

Close up view of white with green leaves wood anemone

Wood Anemone, also known as Anemone nemorosa, is a perennial that is perfect for planting in October. This plant is a spring-flowering perennial, which means it will bloom early in the year, providing a burst of color when most other plants are still dormant.

Wood anemone is a hardy plant that can thrive in a variety of conditions. It prefers well-drained soil and can tolerate both full sun and partial shade. However, it is most at home in woodland settings, where it can enjoy dappled sunlight and a rich, organic soil.

When planting wood anemone in October, it is important to ensure that the soil is well-prepared. Incorporating organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, can help improve soil structure and provide the nutrients that the plant needs to thrive.

Once planted, the wood anemone requires little maintenance. It is a robust plant that can withstand cold temperatures, making it an ideal choice for October planting.

With the right care, the wood anemone can provide a beautiful display of delicate white flowers year after year.

 

Other Guides from Planet Natural:

The First Flower You Must Plant After Autumnal Equinox

15 Fall Flowers for a Strikingly Colorful Garden

Fall Mulching Tips